The second and fourth metacarpal bones in the horse are commonly known as what?

The second and fourth metacarpal bones in the horse are commonly referred to as "splints." This terminology arises from the fact that these bones are located on the sides of the cannon bone (the third metacarpal bone) and can sometimes become inflamed or develop a bony enlargement due to stress or injury. This condition is often referred to as splints in horses and can affect their performance.

Understanding the anatomy of the horse's leg is crucial. The splint bones serve a supportive role, assisting in weight-bearing and providing stability to the leg structure. In younger horses, these bones may be more prone to developing issues because they are still maturing and the stresses placed on their legs can lead to splint formation.

The other choices do not accurately describe the second and fourth metacarpal bones. "Shin bones" generally refer to the tibia in horses, while "carpals" refer to the bones of the knee joint area, and "phalanges" refer to the bones of the digits (toes). Each of these anatomical terms specifies different parts of the horse's skeletal system.